Laser Cutting Machine Lenses and Nozzles - How to Choose a Nozzle for a Laser Cutting Machine
1. How to choose the nozzle of the laser cutting machine
1. For the thin plate below 3mm, the diameter of the nozzle should be Φ1mm, so that the cutting gap will be thinner, and if it is larger, it will be thicker. The corners of the cut will be less smooth.
For the cutting of thick plates of 2, 3mm and below, choosing a nozzle aperture of Φ1mm will be unstable. If the power is higher, the cutting time will be longer due to the cooling time required. If the aperture is too small, although the heat dissipation is fast, it is still unstable. At this time, choose Φ1, 5mm. If the heat dissipation area is relatively large, the airflow will be slower, so the cutting time is relatively stable.
If you choose the above board for cutting, you should choose a nozzle with a larger diameter. Therefore, the selection of laser cutting machine nozzles also has certain principles.
2. What are the components of the laser cutting machine?
The application of laser cutting machines has promoted the rapid development of sheet metal processing. Its advantages of high machining accuracy, fast cutting speed and flexible machining eliminate the traditional sheet metal machining mode. What kind of magical equipment is a laser cutting machine? Let me introduce to you what components it consists of, so that you can have a deeper understanding of the laser cutting machine.
laser cutter
Laser cutting machine system generally consists of laser generator, (external) beam transmission components, workbench (machine tool), microcomputer numerical control cabinet, cooler and computer (hardware and software) and other parts.
1. Machine tool host part: the machine tool part of the laser cutting machine, the mechanical part that realizes the movement of X, Y and Z axes, including the cutting work platform. It is used to place the workpiece to be cut and move it correctly and accurately according to the control program, usually driven by a servo motor.
2. Laser generator: a device that generates a laser light source. For laser cutting applications, except for a few occasions where YAG solid-state lasers are used, most of them use CO2 gas lasers, which have high electro-optical conversion efficiency and high output power. Because laser cutting requires high beam quality, not all lasers can be used for cutting. Gaussian mode is suitable for CO2 lasers of less than, low-order mode-, multi-mode and above.
3. External light path: refractor, used to guide the laser in the desired direction. In order to prevent the failure of the optical path, all reflectors should be equipped with protective covers, and clean positive pressure protective gas should be introduced to protect the reflectors from contamination. A well-performing set of lenses will focus the beam with no divergence angle into an infinitely small spot. Usually a 5, 0 inch focal length lens is used. 7, 5" lens is only suitable for thick material.
4. Numerical control system: control the machine tool to realize the movement of X, Y and Z axes, and control the output power of the laser at the same time.
5. Regulated power supply: connected between lasers, CNC machine tools and power supply systems, it mainly plays a role in preventing external grid interference.
6. Cutting head: It mainly includes parts such as cavity, focusing lens holder, focusing lens, capacitive sensor and auxiliary gas nozzle. The cutting head driving device is used to drive the cutting head to move along the Z axis according to the program, and is composed of transmission components such as a servo motor and a screw rod.
7. Operating table: used to control the working process of the entire cutting device.
8. Cooler: used to cool the laser generator. A laser is a device that converts electrical energy into light energy. For example, the conversion rate of CO2 gas laser is generally 20%, and the remaining energy is converted into heat. The cooling water removes excess heat to keep the laser generator working properly. The chiller also cools the external optical path reflector and focusing mirror of the machine tool to ensure stable beam transmission quality and effectively prevent the lens from being deformed or burst due to excessive temperature.
9. Gas cylinder: including the working medium gas cylinder and auxiliary gas cylinder of the laser cutting machine, which are used to supplement the industrial gas for laser oscillation and the auxiliary gas for supplying the cutting head.
10. Air compressor and air storage tank: provide and store compressed air.
11. Air-cooled dryer and filter: used to provide clean and dry air for the laser generator and optical path to keep the optical path and reflector working properly.
12. Exhaust gas dust collector: extract the smoke and dust generated in the processing process, and filter it to make the exhaust gas discharge meet the environmental protection standards.
13. Slag discharger: remove leftovers and wastes generated during processing.
