Working principle, operation process and maintenance plan of laser cutting machine

Laser cutting machine is a high-precision and high-efficiency processing equipment with a wide range of applications, such as manufacturing, construction, art production, and so on. When using a laser cutting machine, it is important to understand its working principles, operating procedures, and maintenance plans. This article will introduce the relevant knowledge of laser cutting machines in detail from these three aspects to help readers better understand and use this equipment.

1、 Working principle

A laser cutting machine uses a high-energy laser beam to cut the material into the desired shape. The laser source used in laser cutting machines is usually a CO2 laser or a fiber laser. The CO2 laser emits a laser wavelength of 10.6 microns, which is suitable for cutting most non-metallic materials, such as wood, plastic, leather, paper, and so on. The laser wavelength emitted by the fiber laser is 1.06 microns, which is suitable for cutting metal materials, such as steel, aluminum alloys, etc.

The working principle of a laser cutting machine can be summarized as follows: sending a laser beam from a laser source to a cutting head, and then focusing the laser beam into small dots through a focusing lens, instantaneously heating the material with a high-energy laser beam and cutting it. During cutting, the workpiece is placed on the workbench, and the cutting head moves along the set cutting path to facilitate cutting of various complex geometric shapes.

2、 Operation process

1. Preparation

Before using a laser cutting machine, it needs to be prepared. First of all, it is necessary to check whether the machine is in normal working conditions, such as checking whether the optical, gas, and electrical connections are in good condition. Secondly, it is necessary to select appropriate cutting tools, set cutting parameters, and adjust parameters such as laser power and speed according to different characteristics of materials. Finally, it is necessary to install the workpiece on the workbench and install the cutting head according to the cutting path.

2. Start processing

After the preparation work is completed, the laser cutting machine can be started for processing. During the processing process, it is necessary to maintain the stability of the machine and workpiece, and pay attention to safe operation. At the same time, it is necessary to conduct real-time monitoring of the processing process in order to timely identify and solve problems. For the cutting of large workpieces, it is usually necessary to perform segmented cutting in order to better control the cutting depth and accuracy.

3. Processing completed

When processing is complete, it is necessary to remove the workpiece from the workbench and clean and maintain the machine. When cleaning, it is necessary to use a cleaning cloth or vacuum cleaner to remove dust and debris from the inside and outside of the machine. During maintenance, it is necessary to regularly replace the filter screen inside the machine, clean the optical and gas paths, check the wear of the running parts of the machine, and replace them in a timely manner.

1、 Daily maintenance

1. Every time you start the machine, check whether the position of the cutting head is correct, ensure the correctness of the starting point, height, and other data of the laser cutting head, and ensure that accidents such as collisions do not occur during work.

2. Check whether the amount of gas cut off is sufficient. When using air, check whether the pressure of the pneumatic pump is sufficient.

3. Check whether the water volume and temperature of the cooler meet the equipment setting requirements. The water volume during operation should fully avoid damage to the laser cutting head caused by insufficient cooling water.

4. Check whether there are leaks in the oil, gas, water, piping and connectors of each pneumatic component, and whether each component is in good condition.

2、 Regular Health Care We must develop a weekly inspection plan when using the machine, or customize the inspection plan based on the actual frequency of the machine.

1. Regularly check the cutting loss of the cutting head, and immediately replace it if the loss is serious.

2. Check the lens clarity of each part of the cutting head and conduct reasonable cleaning

3. Check the cleanliness and smoothness of all pipes and joints - ensure that impurities are not clogged

4. Check whether the fixed parts of the cutting head are loose. Only regular maintenance of the fiber laser cutting machine can give better play to its performance and use time.